Almost everything radiates, reflects, or transmits a type of light. The electromagnetic (EM) spectrum is to measure the frequency of EM radiation of an object. The spectrum is measured in wavelengths. The ranges of wavelength can extend the size of an atom to thousands of kilometers.
The wavelengths are lower and the radio frequency, microwave and infrared waves. The short wavelengths are the high frequency radiation, X rays and gamma rays. The VisibleSpectrum or optical spectrum is the range of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to the human eye.
The visible spectrum has no clear boundaries between colors, but usually is described in the following areas:
Violet 380-450nm (nanometers *)
Blue 450-495 nm
Green 495-570nm
Yellow 570-590nm
Orange 590-620nm
Red 620-750nm
* Nm - a metric unit of length equal to one billionth of a meter, which is the currentSI base unit of length. Can be written in scientific notation of 1 × 10-9 m (engineering notation) or 1 E-9 m (exponential notation), both meaning 1 / 1, 000,000,000 m
History
Newton divided the spectrum into seven named colors: indigo, red, orange, yellow, green, blue and purple or Roy G. Biv. Originally, only five basic colors were named: red, yellow, green, blue and purple, but after you must have seven colors Indigo and Orange. The need for the numberseven years ago was the conviction of failing to draw the number of known planets, the number of days of the week the game and the number of indications of a major scale. This theory was derived from Greek philosophy sophists.
The word is Latin for the appearance of the spectrum, and was coined by Newton in his experiments with light. He noted that when the sunlight by a prism spectrum of the phenomenon, or, in other words, a color group.
Sir Isaac Newton wrote Opticks, published in s1704, as one of the first statements celebrated the Spectrum.
Optics
The field of optics usually describes the behavior of visible, ultraviolet and infrared light, but because light is an electromagnetic wave occurring, phenomena similar to X-rays, microwaves, radio waves and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. Optics can thus be considered as a branch of electromagnetism.
Vision Camera
In applications, the Vision camera technology of optical fieldsthe visible, infrared and ultraviolet are the most common, and with the implementation of special lenses, filters and lighting solutions for imaging many problems can be found. The infrared (IR) is a wavelength of visible light but shorter than radio waves (1 nm to 750nm). Ultraviolet (UV) is shorter than visible light, but more X-ray (400nm to 200nm near-UV, NUV). Most cameras fall in the near IR or UV range in the vicinity and with the use of specialized lighting(LEDs), improvement of wavelengths is possible.
Infrared (IR) camera technology is widely used in military applications, and ultraviolet (UV) solutions are available in their vision and industrial imaging applications. There are also digital cameras, such as Firewire 1394, the use of the use of ultraviolet (UV). Sony Electronics, Inc. provides the camera with Firewire XCDSX910UV 1394, digital camera technology. This camera is designed for use in demanding markets as an idealSemiconductor inspection, UV microscopy, precision control FA and surface inspection applications.
Hitachi Kokusai Electric, Inc. offers the KP-F120, a near infrared (NIR), high resolution progressive scan camera with Camera Link and USB 2.0, Firewire 1394 and digital LVDS interfaces. The spectral response extends above 1000 Nm This camera is a wide range of applications including machine vision, control, agricultural, medical diagnostics and research, and appropriateMicroscopy.
There are many cameras that fall within the ranges near Infared (IR) and near ultraviolet (UV). They are used in a variety of applications and offer many solutions to a military doctor.
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